本站推荐Firefox浏览器,有效阻止病毒和垃圾弹出．[正版免费下载]

第三部分　阅读理解　(80分) 
Passage　1 
Most　of　us　lead　unhealthy　lives:　we　spend　far　too　much　time　sitting　down.　If,　in　addition,　we　are　careless　about　our　diets,　our　bodies　soon　become　flabby　(不结实的)　and　systems　sluggish　(缺乏活力的).　Then　the　guilt　feelings　start:　"　I　must　go　on　a　diet",　"I　must　try　to　lose　weight",　"I　must　get　more　fresh　air　and　exerciser",　"I　must　stop　smoking",　"I　must　try　to　keep　fit."　There　are　some　aspects　of　our　unhealthy　lives　that　we　cannot　avoid.　I　am　thinking　of　such　features　of　modern　urban　life　as　pollution,　noise,　rushed　meals　and　stress.　But　keeping　fit　is　a　way　to　minimise　(减少到最低限度)the　effects　of　these　evils. 
The　usual　suggestion　to　a　person　who　is　looking　for　a　way　to　keep　fit　is　to　take　up　some　sport　or　other.　While　it　is　true　that　every　weekend　you　will　find　people　playing　football　and　tennis　in　the　local　park,　they　are　outnumbered　(超过)　a　hundred　to　one　by　the　people　who　are　simply　watching　them.　It　is　an　illusion　to　think　that　you　will　get　fit　by　going　to　watch　the　football　match　every　Saturday,　unless　you　count　the　effort　required　to　fight　your　way　throughout　the　crowds　to　get　to　the　best　seats. 
For　those　who　do　not　particularly　enjoy　competitive　(竞争性的)　sports,　it　is　especially　difficult　to　do　so　if　you　are　not　good　at　them.　There　are　such　activities　for　one　person　as　cycling,　walking　and　swimming.　What　often　happens,　though,　is　that　you　do　them　in　such　a　leisurely　way,　so　slowly,　that　it　is　doubtful　if　you　are　doing　yourself　much　good,　apart　from　the　fact　that　you　have　at　least　managed　to　get　up　out　of　your　armchair.　Of　course　you　can　be　very　thorough　about　exercise.　Many　sports　shops　now　sell　frightening　pieces　of　apparatus,　chest-expanders　and　other　mysterious　gadgets　(小装置)　of　shiny　spring　steel,　which,　according　to　the　advertisements,　will　bring　you　up　to　an　Olympic　standard　of　fitness,　provided　that　you　follow　a　regular　programme　of　exercises.　Such　programmes　generally　involve　long　periods　of　time　bending　these　curious　bits　of　metal　into　improbable　shapes. 
It　all　strikes　me　as　utterly　boring　and　also　time-consuming.　Somebody　suggested　recently　that　all　such　effort　was　pointless　anyway　because　if　you　spend　half　an　hour　every　day　jogging　round　the　local　park,　you　will　add　to　your　life　exactly　the　number　of　hours　that　you　wasted　doing　the　"jogging"　in　the　first　place.　The　argument　is　false　even　if　the　facts　are　correct,　out　there　is　no　doubt　that　exercise　in　itself　can　be　boring. 
Even　after　you　have　found　a　routine　for　keeping　in　shape,　through　sport　or　gymnastics,　you　are　still　only　half　way　to　good　health,　because,　according　to　the　experts,　you　must　also　master　the　art　of　complete　mental　and　physical　relaxation.　Now,　this　does　not　mean　sleeping　in　the　armchair　of　going　dancing　(which　is　a　good　form　of　exercise　in　itself).　It　has　something　to　do　with　deep　breathing,　emptying　your　mind　of　all　thoughts,　worries　and　so　on. 

21.　If　you　want　to　keep　fit,　you　should　__________. 
○A.　go　in　for　not　only　competitive　sports,　but　also　solitary　ones 
○B.　go　in　for　not　only　sports,　but　also　enjoy　your　relaxation 
○C.　not　put　on　too　much　weight 
○D.　not　spend　long　hours　sitting　in　your　armchair 


22.　The　latter　part　of　the　last　sentence　of　Para.　2　("…　unless　you　count　the　effort…　get　to　the　best　seats.")　suggests　that　the　author　thinks　that　________. 
○A.　fighting　your　way　through　crowds　is　a　good　exercise 
○B.　best　seats　are　difficult　to　secure 
○C.　being　a　spectator　is　not　a　way　to　keep　fit 
○D.　getting　through　crowds　is　not　an　easy　job 


23.　Which　statement　reflects　the　author’s　point　of　view　on　solitary　sports? 
○A.　They　do　not　contribute　much　to　your　health. 
○B.　They　can　be　done　in　a　slow　way. 
○C.　They　lack　a　sense　of　competition. 
○D.　They　can　be　done　at　any　time　and　in　any　place. 


24.　In　Para.　4,　the　author　quotes:　"…　if　you　spend　half　an　hour　every　day　jogging　round　the　local　park,　you　will　add　to　your　life　exactly　the　number　of　hours　that　you　wasted　doing　the　’jogging’　in　the　first　place."　He　thinks　that　the　statement　is　_____________. 
○A.　partially　correct 
○B.　absolutely　true 
○C.　untrue 
○D.　paradoxical 


25.　Which　of　the　following　is　NOT　mentioned　as　a　way　to　good　health　in　the　article? 
○A.　Mental　and　physical　relaxation. 
○B.　Competitive　and　solitary　sports. 
○C.　Pieces　of　exercise　apparatus. 
○D.　Mountain　climbing　of　fresh-air　breathing. 
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Passage　2
Whether　you　eat　to　live　or　live　to　eat,　food　should　help　keep　you　well.　In　our　modern　world　of　processed　and　preserved　foods,　many　nutritionists　(营养学家)　are　suggesting　that　we　can　stay　healthy　with　a　well-balanced　diet　of　plenty　of　fresh　fruits　and　vegetables　and　not　too　much　red　meat,　salt,　or　sugar.　In　fact,　eating　natural,　unprocessed　foods　that　are　made　from　scratch,　instead　of　artificial　and　junk　(假的)　foods,　may　not　only　keep　you　healthy,　but　save　your　money,　too.
To　stay　healthy,　you　must　also　be　careful　to　avoid　food　poisoning,　a　common,　unpleasant,　and　often　dangerous　illness　that　affects　one　out　of　every　six　Americans　each　year.　Food　poisoning　is　often　caused　by　salmonella　bacteria　(沙门化菌)　in　food,　especially　raw　meats　and　dairy　products.　Heat　usually　kills　the　bacteria,　and　refrigeration　keeps　them　from　growing.　So　remember　to　keep　hot　food　hot　and　cold　food　cold.　Also,　be　sure　to　keep　your　hands　and　cooking　utensils　clean　so　you　don’t　transfer　germs　to　the　food　while　you　are　preparing　it.
If　you　use　canned　food,　always　check　the　cans　for　leaks　or　puffiness.　A　puffed　can　could　mean　botulism,　a　fatal　type　of　food　poisoning　that　you　cannot　see　or　smell.　Never　taste　any　food　that　you　suspect　has　spoiled.　Instead,　return　any　damaged　cans　or　spoiled　food　to　the　grocery　store,　and　the　manager　will　refund　(归还)　your　money.　When　using　processed　foods,　be　sure　to　read　all　the　labels　and　check　the　ingredients　and　the　freshness　date　before　you　buy　or　eat　the　food.
Eating　is　one　of　the　joys　of　life.　Being　careful　about　what　you　put　in　your　mouth　can　keep　it　that　way.

26.　According　to　most　nutritionists,　a　diet　of　_________　is　good　for　you.
○A.　red　meat　and　sweets
○B.　artificial　and　junk　foods
○C.　fresh　fruits　and　vegetables
○D.　processed　and　preserved　foods


27.　To　stay　healthy,　one　must　___________.
○A.　not　eat　unprocessed　meat　and　dairy　products
○B.　avoid　your　hands　touching　all　foods
○C.　not　taste　outdated　canned　food
○D.　heat　cold　food　before　eating


28.　If　a　can　is　puffy,　it　is　suggested　in　the　passage　to　___________.
○A.　open　it　and　taste　a　little　to　check　it
○B.　throw　it　away　to　avoid　poisoning　other　foods
○C.　heat　it　so　as　to　kill　the　bacteria
○D.　return　it　to　its　seller　for　repayment


29.　What　does　"it"　in　the　last　paragraph　refer　to?
○A.　Life.
○B.　Joy.
○C.　Eating.
○D.　Food.


30.　On　the　whole,　the　passage　strongly　suggests　that　_________.
○A.　natural　food　is　healthier　than　artificial　food
○B.　food　helps　keep　one　healthy
○C.　canned　food　may　be　poisoning
○D.　one’s　poor　health　is　generally　a　result　of　food　poisoning
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第四部分　概括大意　(20分)
给下面一篇文章的每一段概括大意。每一段的主题用一个或几个单词表示，空出的词已给出了第一个字母，请把其余字母补全。
31.　D　
Adults　twelve　years　old　and　over　take　two　teaspoonfuls　as　needed,　not　to　exceed　fifteen　teaspoonfuls　per　day.　Children　six　years　old　to　twelve　years　old　take　half　of　the　adult　dosage,　not　to　exceed　seven　teaspoonfuls　per　day.


32.　W　
Do　not　administer　(用药)　to　children　under　six　years　old　or　to　individuals　with　high　blood　pressure,　heart　disease,　or　disease,　or　diabetes.　This　preparation　may　cause　sleepy.　Do　not　drive　or　operate　machinery　while　taking　this　medicine.　Chronic　(长期的)　cough　is　dangerous.　If　relief　does　not　occur　within　three　days,　discontinue　use　and　consult　your　physician.


33.　E　of　Information　between　the　Sensory　(感观的)　Neurons　(神经)　and　the　Brain.　
The　sensory　neurons　keep　the　brain　informed　of　what　is　happening　outside　and　inside　the　body　through　a　variety　of　sensory　pick　-　up　units　called　receptors.　Some　of　these,　lying　at　or　near　the　skin　surface,　may　be　specially　sensitive　to　tissue　damage　(causing　pain),　or　light　contact　(producing　a　touch　sensation),　or　pressure,　or　temperature,　either　hot　or　cold.　Other　receptors　on　the　tongue　and　in　the　nose　respond　to　light　of　varying　intensities,　while　receptors　respond　to　color.　Receptors　in　the　ear　respond　to　minute　vibrations　caused　by　sound　waves　striking　the　eardrum.　Other　receptors　are　deep　in　the　walls　of　the　intestines;　when　the　intestines　contract　vigorously　because　of　the　presence　of　uncomfortable　food　or　gas,　these　receptors　transmit　signals　of　pain.　Still　other　receptors　lodged　in　the　muscles,　fire　off　signals　to　the　brain　any　time　a　muscle　contracts　or　a　joint　moves　or　is　subjected　to　added　pressure　or　tension.
34.　C　of　a　fever;　Fever　is　a　condition　in　which　the　body　temperature　is　high　than　normal.　Usually　the　presence　of　fever　is　due　to　an　infection,　though　there　can　be　many　other　causes　such　as　malignancies　(恶性肿瘤)，brain　injuries,　poisoning　reactions,　reactions　to　vaccines,　and　diseases　involving　the　central　nervous　system.　Sometimes　emotional　action　can　bring　on　a　fever.


35.　C　of　the　Stomach;　Carcinoma　of　the　stomach　is　a　common　cancer　of　the　digestive　tract.　It　is　one　of　the　leading　causes　of　death.
The　disease　tends　to　occur　in　the　age　groups　over　40,　and　to　this　type　of　cancer　males　are　somewhat　more　likely　than　females.　In　many　cases　the　early　stage　of　growth　of　the　cancer　is　usually　not　associated　with　definite　symptoms.　By　the　time　symptoms　occur　to　an　intensity　that　makes　the　patient　seek　medical　advice,　the　cancer　is　often　found　to　have　spread　to　other　organs　such　as　the　liver.

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第五部分　阅读理解　(120分)
Passage　1
What　can　you　do　if　you　suffer　from　insomnia?　Two　things:　you　can　eat　certain　foods　that　will　help　you　fall　asleep　and　stay　asleep,　and　you　can　do　certain　things　that　are　sleep-inducing.　Here　are　some　guidelines　Dr.　Schwartz　has　worked　out　after　years　of　research.
a.　If　you’ve　had　a　bad　night’s　sleep,　don’t　stay　in　bed　later　the　next　morning.
b.　Don’t　go　to　bed　earlier　the　next　night.　Stick　to　your　usual　bedtime　and　rising　pattern.
c.　Don’t　nap　during　the　day.　Naps　cut　down　on　night　sleep-time.
d.　Never　lie　awake　in　bed　and　sleeplessness,　thus　reinforcing　your　poor　sleeping　pattern.
e.　When　you　get　out　of　bed　after　an　hour　of　sleeplessness,　do　something,　but　make　sure　it’s　something　dull.　Read　a　book　that　doesn’t　interest　your　much.　Never　watch　TV　or　listen　to　the　radio.
f.　Try　sitting　still　in　a　chair　in　a　darkened　room;　you’ll　be　surprised　how　fast　you’ll　get　sleepy.
g.　When　you　retire　for　the　night,　don’t　lie　there　rehashing　(重讲)　the　mistakes　of　the　day.　Nor　is　this　the　time　to　plan　your　next　day’s　activities　-　you　may　become　too　anxious　or　over-stimulated.
h.　Get　as　much　exercise　as　possible,　preferably　early　in　the　day.　Exercise　is　a　great　sleep　inducer.
i.　Develop　a　bedtime　routine:　closing　up　the　house　and　turning　out　the　lights　in　a　certain　way,　bathing,　plumping　(使鼓起)　up　the　pillows.　Sleep　studies　show　that　doing　things　in　sequence　-　in　a　way　that　tends　to　calm　and　sooth　-　can　help　you　achieve　a　good　sleep　pattern.
As　for　food　intake　to　help　you　sleep,　make　sure　that　your　daily　diet　is　a　balanced　one　and　high　in　tryptophan　(色氯酸),　an　amino　(氨基的)　acid　found　in　certain　foods.　The　body　converts　tryptophan　to　L-　tryptophan　and　then　to　serotomin,　a　body　chemical　crucial　to　the　sleep　process.　Foods　rich　in　tryptophan　are:　whole　or　skim　milk,　eggs,　cheese,　meat,　and　peanuts,　apples,　bananas,　cherries,　dried　prunes　(梅脯),　and　watermelon.　If　you　include　foods　high　in　tryptophan　in　your　daily　diet,　and　incorporate　some　of　the　sleep-inducing　activities　into　your　life,　the　chances　are　good　that　you　will　achieve　a　pattern　of　restful,　soothing　sleep.

36.　Look　over　the　list　of　guidelines　in　paragraph　1.　Which　of　the　following　would　Dr.　Schwartz　probably　approve　of　doing　if　you　can’t　sleep?
○A.　Read　an　exciting　novel.
○B.　Go　to　bed　at　your　usual　bedtime.
○C.　Think　about　a　meeting　you　have　to　attend　tomorrow.
○D.　Take　a　nap　at　lunchtime.


37.　In　paragraph　1,　item,　Dr.　Schwartz　implies,　but　not　directly　say　that　________.
○A.　you　should　read　a　book　that　doesn’t　interest　you　much
○B.　watching　TV　or　reading　an　interesting　book　will　stimulate　you　and　keep　you　awake
○C.　listening　to　the　radio　will　wake　up　other　people　in　your　house
○D.　you　should　count　numbers　silently


38.　The　third　sentence　in　paragraph　2　is　a　list　of　foods,　paragraph　2　_______.
○A.　does　not　explain　why　these　foods　are　listed　here
○B.　says　to　avoid　the　food　listed
○C.　highly　recommends　that　you　eat　the　foods　listed
○D.　says　that　the　foods　listed　are　very　cheap


39.　The　last　sentence　of　paragraph　2　___________.
○A.　is　pessimistic　about　insomnia
○B.　is　optimistic　about　insomnia
○C.　contains　examples　of　food　high　in　trpytophan
○D.　summarizes　the　entire　article


40.　The　article　mainly　tells　us　___________.
○A.　why　go　to　sleep
○B.　causes　of　insomnia
○C.　ways　to　deal　with　insomnia
○D.　what　foods　can　help　you　sleep

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Passage　2
Flu(which　is　short　for　influenza)　is　a　highly　contagious　disease,　the　cause　of　which　is　a　very　tiny　organism　known　as　a　virus.　Several　types　of　flu　are　recognized,　depending　on　the　type　of　virus　that　causes　the　disease.
When　people　catch　flu,　they　often　complain　of　a　headache　or　a　sore　throat.　They　usually　have　a　fever　and　their　temperature　rises　from　the　normal　37C　(98.6F)　to　about　39.5C　(103F).　Sometimes　a　person　has　a　dry　hacking　(猛烈地干咳)　cough　and　aching　joints.
Today　many　doctors　prescribe　drugs　that　fight　the　disease.　And　scientists　have　also　developed　vaccines　(疫苗)　that　help　to　prevent　it.　If　the　patient　has　proper　treatment,　and　complete　rest　in　bed,　the　virus　is　normally　beaten　within　a　week　to　ten　days.
How　does　flu　spread　so　quickly?　When　the　infected　person　breathes　out,　sneezes　or　coughs,　he　gives　out　droplets　(飞沫)　of　moisture　in　the　breath　from　his　mouth　or　nose.　These　remain　in　the　air　for　some　time.　Flu　viruses　are　present　in　these　droplets.　If　a　person　sneezes　in　a　crowed　or　poorly　ventilated　place,　such　as　a　lift,　viruses　can　easily　be　carried　from　an　infected　person　to　a　healthy　person.　This　is　known　as　droplet　infection.　The　healthy　person　will　breathe　in　the　viruses　given　out　by　the　infected　person.
Flu　can　often　cause　complications　in　breathing,　and　general　infection　of　the　lung.　With　elderly　and　weak　people,　these　added　complications　often　yield　serious　results.　The　virus,　if　not　properly　treated,　can　weaken　the　body　so　that　patient　may　develop　more　serious　illnesses,　such　as　pneumonia　(肺炎)　and　bronchitis　(支气管炎).
There　are　three　main　types　of　virus　that　cause　flu,　which　are　called　type　A,　B　and　C.　type　A　is　the　most　powerful　of　the　three,　and　undergoes　minor　changes　in　its　genetic　material　every　few　years.　The　new　form　of　the　virus　is　called　a　strain　(菌株).　The　new　strain　is　not　affected　by　the　current　vaccines.　It　is　said　to　be　"　resistant"　to　them.　So　doctors　must　be　continually　producing　new　vaccines　to　combat　the　new　strains　of　virus.

41.　The　types　of　flu　vary　with　__________.
○A.　the　character　of　organism
○B.　the　portal　of　entry
○C.　the　organ　involved
○D.　the　pathogenic　agents


42.　Today　vaccines　have　been　developed　and　used　for　_______　purposes.
○A.　curative
○B.　preventive
○C.　therapeutic
○D.　diagnostic

43.　The　transmitting　medium　for　flu　is　__________.
○A.　air
○B.　food
○C.　water
○D.　a　mosquito


44.　Flu　is　more　likely　to　affect　___________.
○A.　the　young
○B.　the　adults
○C.　the　elderly
○D.　the　new-born　infants


45.　The　most　dangerous　complication　of　flu　is　__________.
○A.　bronchitis
○B.　inflammation　of　the　lungs
○C.　emphysema
○D.　sinusitis


第六部分　完形填空　(30分)
根据短文在空白处填上适当的单词，该单词的第一个字母已经给出。
Messages　in　your　body　are　carried　by　n_____46____.　Each　nerve　is　made　up　of　thousands　of　nerve　cells.　Each　nerve　that　carries　messages　to　the　arms　and　legs　has　a　long　fiber　coming　f　47　its　cell.　One　nerve　passes　a　message　it　r　48　to　another　nerve　across　the　ends　of　the　fibers.
Messages　are　carried　from　the　arms　and　legs,　also.　Suppose　that　you　t　49　something　hot.　Even　before　you　exclaim　"Ouch!"　your　finger　pulls　b　50　.　A　nerve　in　your　finger　connects　w　51　another　nerve　that　transfers　the　message　to　a　third　one.　This　third　never　end　i　52　the　muscles　in　your　finger.　The　muscles　pull　back　your　finger,　and　prevents　a　t　53　.　It　takes　only　a　fraction　o　54　a　second　for　the　message　to　travel　f　55　one　nerve　to　another.
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